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Apply the principle of conservation of momentum to solve simple problems [Includi...
Predict and analyse motion for elastic collisions.
Elastic And Inelastic Collision
Elastic Collision in One Dimension
Introduction
An elastic collision is a type of interaction between two or more objects in which both the total linear momentum and the total kinetic energy of the system are conserved. This means that no kinetic energy is lost to other forms, such as heat, sound, or deformation.
Key Concepts
1. Conservation Laws
For any elastic collision between two masses, m₁ and m₂, two fundamental principles apply:
In an elastic collision, the total kinetic energy is conserved. In an inelastic collision, momentum is conserved but kinetic energy is not.
2. Coefficient of Restitution
A compact way to compare collision types is via coefficient of restitution e. For perfectly elastic collisions, e = 1. For perfectly inelastic collisions, e = 0.
- Momentum conserved
- KE conserved only if elastic
- Use e to classify
If u₁ = 4 m/s, u₂ = 1 m/s, v₁ = 2 m/s, v₂ = 3 m/s, then e = (3−2)/(4−1) = 1/3.
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